A pap smear is a simple screening test that looks for early changes in the cells of the cervix — long before they could ever become cancer. It takes a few minutes, and it is one of the most effective preventative tests available to women.
When should you start and how often?
Most women should have their first pap smear at 21, or within three years of becoming sexually active. Repeat every 3 years if your results are normal, or more often if we find changes, if you are HIV positive, or if you have a history of abnormal smears. Women who have recently given birth — especially in the first 6 weeks postnatal — should have a smear at their postnatal check. Screening usually continues until 65, provided your recent results have been normal.
What happens during the test
You lie on the examination couch and a speculum is gently inserted so we can see the cervix. A small soft brush collects cells from the surface of the cervix. The sample goes to the laboratory and results are usually back within a week. It should not be painful — mild discomfort or pressure is normal. Tell us if you feel pain and we will adjust.
How to prepare
Book for a day when you are not menstruating. Avoid vaginal creams, douches or intercourse for 24 hours beforehand. Wear something comfortable that is easy to remove. Tell us if you are pregnant, have had abnormal bleeding, or have had an abnormal smear before.
Understanding your result
Normal — repeat in three years. Inflammation or infection — usually treated with a short course of medication and a repeat smear. Low-grade changes (LSIL / ASCUS) — commonly caused by HPV and often resolve on their own; we repeat sooner or test for HPV. High-grade changes (HSIL) — not cancer, but we refer you for colposcopy so the area can be looked at and treated. We always phone you with an abnormal result and explain the next step — you never have to interpret a report alone.
HPV vaccination and prevention
Most cervical cancer is caused by persistent HPV infection. Vaccination is most effective before first sexual contact but is still offered to older women in many cases. Condom use, not smoking, and regular screening all lower your risk considerably. Ask us at your next visit whether vaccination makes sense for you or your daughter.
Book your screening
Pap smears are done at both SisterB clinics by appointment, usually as part of a well-woman visit that also covers blood pressure, breast awareness, contraception and any concerns you want to raise.
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